The self-baked electrode is what we often call the electrode paste baked electrode. It was invented by the Norwegian Soderberg in 1909. The self-baked electrode uses calcined anthracite, graphite, petroleum coke, and pitch as raw materials to make electrode paste after heating and kneading. The electrode paste can be used continuously in the electrode shell of the submerged arc furnace after sintering. The self-baking electrode is widely used in ferroalloy furnaces, calcium carbide, yellow phosphorus and other submerged arc furnaces because of its simple process and low cost.
(1) Carbon electrode
The carbon electrode is made of electric calcined coal, petroleum coke, and pitch as raw materials through molding, roasting, and mechanical processing. The carbon electrode is not an innovative product, it was invented by the British as early as 1800. The biggest difference between a carbon electrode and a self-baking electrode is the baking process of the electrode. The carbon electrode is completed by the electrode manufacturer, while the baking process of the self-baking electrode is completed on the furnace of the user because neither of them Graphitization is collectively referred to as carbon electrode. Carbon electrodes are used in refining furnaces for industrial silicon, yellow phosphorus, corundum, and special alloys.
(2) Graphite electrode
Graphite electrodes are made of petroleum coke and needle coke as main raw materials through molding, roasting, graphitization and mechanical processing. It was invented by American Acheson in 1896. The biggest advantage of graphite electrode is its good conductivity. However, due to the limitation of production conditions such as graphitization furnace, it can only produce specifications with a diameter of less than 900 mm, which cannot meet the requirements of high-power submerged arc furnaces. Therefore, it is generally only used in small metal silicon and special alloy refining furnaces.
(3) Composite electrode
This is a newly developed composite structure with a small diameter graphite electrode as the framework and electrode paste as a filler. It uses its own motor heat during operation and is fired at a high temperature. Through a special electrode pressure and discharge device, the composite electrode It can be realized that only the sintered electrode is pressed and released without pressing the electrode shell, which is compatible with the advantages of the graphite electrode having good conductivity and the self-baking electrode can meet the advantages of large diameter. At present, this technology is still in the stage of improvement, and it is only used in a small number of large-scale metal silicon electric furnaces, and it will take some time to promote it.
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